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Fate and Transport of Antimicrobials and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Soil and Runoff Following Land Application of Swine Manure Slurry

机译:添加到阅览室添加到阅览室阅读软件下载阅读软件下载与<<土地利用后土壤和径流中抗菌药物和抗菌基因的命运和运输>> 粪浆

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摘要

Due to the use of antimicrobials in livestock production, residual antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) could enter the environment following the land application of animal wastes and could further contaminate surface and groundwater. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various manure land application methods on the fate and transport of antimicrobials and ARGs in soil and runoff following land application of swine manure slurry. Swine manure slurries were obtained from facilities housing pigs that were fed chlortetracyline, tylosin or bacitracin and were land applied via broadcast, incorporation, and injection methods. Three rainfall simulation tests were then performed on amended and control plots. Results show that land application methods had no statistically significant effect on the aqueous concentrations of antimicrobials in runoff. However, among the three application methods tested broadcast resulted in the highest total mass loading of antimicrobials in runoff from the three rainfall simulation tests. The aqueous concentrations of chlortetracyline and tylosin in runoff decreased in consecutive rainfall events, although the trend was only statistically significant for tylosin. For ARGs, broadcast resulted in significantly higher erm genes in runoff than did incorporation and injection methods. In soil, the effects of land application methods on the fate of antimicrobials in top soil were compound specific. No clear trend was observed in the ARG levels in soil, likely because different host cells may respond differently to the soil environments created by various land application methods.Includes supplementary materials.
机译:由于在牲畜生产中使用了抗微生物剂,因此在土地上施用动物粪便后,残留的抗微生物剂和抗微生物抗性基因(ARG)可能会进入环境,并可能进一步污染地表和地下水。这项研究的目的是确定在土地上施用猪粪便后,各种粪便土地施用方法对土壤和径流中抗菌剂和ARG的命运和运输的影响。猪粪浆是从饲养猪的设施中获得的,这些猪饲喂了金霉素,泰乐菌素或杆菌肽,并通过播种,掺入和注射的方法土地施用。然后在修正图和控制图上进行了三个降雨模拟测试。结果表明,土地施用方法对径流中抗菌剂的水含量没有统计学意义的影响。然而,在三种降雨模拟试验中,测试的三种施用方法中,广播导致径流中抗菌剂的总质量负荷最高。在连续的降雨事件中径流中的氯霉素和泰乐菌素的水含量在连续的降雨事件中下降,尽管该趋势在泰乐菌素中仅具有统计学意义。对于ARGs,广播导致的径流中的erm基因比掺入和注射方法高得多。在土壤中,土地施用方法对表层土壤中抗菌素命运的影响是复合特异性的。在土壤中的ARG水平没有观察到明显的趋势,可能是因为不同的宿主细胞对各种土地施用方法所产生的土壤环境的反应不同,包括补充材料。

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