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Lists of Potential Hydrophytes for the United States: A Regional Review and their Use in Wetland Identification

机译:美国潜在水生植物清单:区域审查及其在湿地识别中的应用

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摘要

The U.S. federal government has developed lists of plant species that occur in wetlands. The initial purpose of these lists was to enumerate plants that grow in wetlands and that could be used to identify wetlands according to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s wetland classification system. The first list was generated in 1976 by the Service, and since that time, the list has undergone several iterations as more information was reviewed or became available through field investigations and scientific research. Two lists are currently published and available for use: a 1988 list and a 1996 draft list. The latter list represents an improvement based on nearly 10 years of field work by the four signatory agencies plus comments from other agencies, organizations, wetland scientists, and others. The national list was generated from 13 regional lists. These data have not been summarized previously; this note provides an interregional summary of vital statistics. The 1988 list included 6,728 species, while the 1996 list has nearly 1,000 additions for a total of 7,662 species (a 14% increase). Roughly one-third of the nation’s vascular plants have some potential for being hydrophytes—plants growing in water or on a substrate that is at least periodically deficient in oxygen due to excessive wetness. Each species on the list is assigned an indicator status reflecting its frequency of occurrence in wetlands: 1) obligate (OBL; \u3e99% of time in wetlands), 2) facultative wetland (FACW; 67– 99% in wetlands), 3) facultative (FAC; 34–66%), 4) facultative upland (FACU; 1–33%), and 5) upland (UPL; \u3c1%). From 1988 to 1996, the regional lists of potentially hydrophytic species increased by more than 39 percent in three regions: Caribbean, North Plains, and Central Plains. The percent of OBL, FACW, and FAC species on the lists decreased in the Northeast and Hawaii. The percent of OBL and FACW species also decreased in the Southeast and Northwest. The number of OBL species declined in all but three regions, whereas the number of FACU species added to the lists increased in all regions except Hawaii. The regional ‘‘wetland plant’’ lists have been used to help identify plant communities that possess a predominance of wetland indicator plants (i.e., a positive indicator of hydrophytic vegetation) and to identify wetlands that can be recognized solely based on their vegetation.
机译:美国联邦政府已经制定了湿地中存在的植物物种清单。这些清单的最初目的是枚举在湿地上生长的植物,并根据美国鱼类和野生动物服务局的湿地分类系统将其用于识别湿地。第一份清单是由该局于1976年生成的,自那时以来,该清单经历了多次迭代,随着更多信息被审查或可以通过现场调查和科学研究获得。当前发布了两个列表,可供使用:1988年列表和1996年草案列表。后面的清单代表了四个签署机构近十年的野外工作以及其他机构,组织,湿地科学家和其他人士的评论的改进。全国名单来自13个区域名单。这些数据以前没有汇总过。本说明提供了生命统计的区域间摘要。 1988年的清单包括6,728种,而1996年的清单增加了近1,000种,总计7,662种(增加14%)。全美大约有三分之一的维管植物具有一定的潜在水生植物的能力,这些植物生长在水中或由于过度潮湿而至少定期缺氧的基质上。列表中的每个物种都有一个指示符状态,以反映其在湿地中的发生频率:1)专性(OBL;湿地时间的99%),2)兼性湿地(FACW;湿地的67–99%),3)兼性(FAC; 34–66%),4)兼性高地(FACU; 1–33%)和5)高地(UPL; \ u3c1%)。从1988年到1996年,加勒比,北平原和中原三个地区的潜在水生物种区域清单增加了39%以上。东北和夏威夷,清单上的OBL,FACW和FAC物种百分比下降。在东南部和西北部,OBL和FACW物种的百分比也有所下降。除三个地区外,所有地区的OBL物种数量均下降,而除夏威夷外,所有加入该清单的FACU物种数量均增加。区域“湿地植物”列表用于帮助确定主要具有湿地指示植物(即水生植物的阳性指标)的植物群落,并确定仅可以基于其植被识别的湿地。

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    Tiner, Ralph W.;

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  • 年度 2006
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