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Enhancing the innovativeness of local production systems - Polish experiences

机译:加强当地生产系统的创新 - 波兰经验

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摘要

Interest in territorial forms of organisation of production is currently at its peak, both among researchers striving to describe and explain various phenomena and among practitioners - representatives of authorities, entrepreneurs or experts involved in developing the idea. On this basis, the concept of so called local production systems (LPS) is being more and more popular among regional scientists as well as regional and industrial policy makers. LPS are usually defined as systems of businesses centred in geographical proximity around one core industrial activity, maintaining relations among themselves and with their territorial socio-cultural environment, and are considered as one of the key territorial form of organization of production, which can efficiently contribute to the regional development and regional innovativeness. Among policy makers of most of the European countries, local production systems are usually considered as conceptual equivalent of the notion of cluster, while the latter, together with cluster supporting policy, is treated as of one the most important forms of enhancing the innovativeness of economies on the local and regional level. Also in the case of Poland, clusters as a form of local production systems, represent a very important part of the economy, triggering endogenous development potential. However, the level of innovativeness of Polish clusters is a difficult subject to clear assessment. Innovation commitment of clusters in Poland largely varies and depends mainly on the structure of their membership, development stage, industry and regions of activity. However, for the last 5 years Polish cluster supporting policy has developed a valuable tool for monitoring the situation in this area, which is benchmarking of clusters. The aim of the paper is to present the level of innovativeness of Polish local production systems, based on the benchmarking results', with the emphasis of the dynamic aspect of this phenomena. Together with the review of the instruments of supporting innovativeness of LPS in Poland, these results gives an answer about both positive trends concerning the innovativeness of Polish economy and negative aspects, listed as main challenges and dilemmas of Polish regional policy for the next years.
机译:当前,对于努力描述和解释各种现象的研究人员以及从业人员(参与开发该构想的当局代表,企业家或专家),对生产组织的地域形式的兴趣已达到顶峰。在此基础上,所谓的本地生产系统(LPS)的概念在区域科学家以及区域和工业政策制定者中越来越受欢迎。 LPS通常被定义为围绕一种核心工业活动以地理位置为中心的业务系统,它们之间以及与它们的领土社会文化环境保持联系,并且被认为是生产组织的关键领土形式之一,可以有效地做出贡献区域发展和区域创新。在大多数欧洲国家的决策者中,本地生产系统通常被视为与集群概念等同,而后者与集群支持政策一起被视为增强经济创新性的最重要形式之一在地方和区域一级。同样在波兰,集群作为当地生产系统的一种形式,代表了经济的非常重要的组成部分,引发了内生的发展潜力。但是,波兰集群的创新水平很难明确评估。波兰集群的创新承诺差异很大,并且主要取决于其成员结构,发展阶段,行业和活动区域。但是,在过去的5年中,波兰的集群支持政策已经开发了一种有价值的工具来监视该领域的状况,这是对集群进行基准测试。本文的目的是基于基准测试结果,介绍波兰本地生产系统的创新水平,重点是这种现象的动态方面。结合对波兰LPS支持创新工具的审查,这些结果给出了有关波兰经济创新的积极趋势和负面方面的答案,这些方面被列为波兰未来几年区域政策的主要挑战和困境。

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