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The ecological status of Karavasta Lagoon (Albania): closing the stable door before the horse has bolted?

机译:卡拉瓦斯塔泻湖(阿尔巴尼亚)的生态状况:在马用螺栓固定之前关闭稳定的门?

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摘要

Karavasta is the widest and most important lagoon in Albania. This study aimed to assess the ecological quality status of the lagoon, acquire knowledge of a natural environment which might be exploited for aquaculture, and give management hints on the basis of anthropogenic impact and ecological conditions. A sampling campaign was carried out in 2008: at six stations, benthic fauna, water and sediment parameters were considered. Statistical analyses were carried out through multivariate procedures (PCA, classification clustering, SIMPER, RDA, DISTLM, PERMANOVA). Ecological quality was assessed through the AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI), the multivariate AMBI (M-AMBI) and the Benthic Index based on Taxonomic Sufficiency (BITS). Sediment characteristics (percent organic matter, %OM; redox potential discontinuity layer depth, RPDL; particle size composition) and salinity represented contributory influences on lagoon communities. It was possible to distinguish and characterise a confined area, and benthic communities, from a marine-influenced area and its biota. The number of species was quite low when compared with other open Adriatic lagoons. The M-AMBI and BITS classifications gave quite similar results, which seemed consistent with the ecological conditions of the lagoon, that is a distinction in the ecological quality between the seaward and landward stations, with higher ecological quality (EcoQ) at the seaward stations. Given the pressures and the ecological condition of Karavasta, an intensification of aquaculture activities must be considered with caution, since the lagoon seems at significant risk of serious hypereutrophication. This situation is made worse by the limited water exchange with the marine environment due to the irregular dredging of the communication channels.
机译:Karavasta是阿尔巴尼亚最宽,最重要的泻湖。这项研究旨在评估泻湖的生态质量状况,了解可能用于水产养殖的自然环境,并在人为影响和生态条件的基础上提供管理提示。 2008年开展了一次抽样运动:在六个站点对底栖动物,水和沉积物参数进行了考虑。通过多变量程序(PCA,分类聚类,SIMPER,RDA,DISTLM,PERMANOVA)进行统计分析。生态质量通过AZTI海洋生物指数(AMBI),多元AMBI(M-AMBI)和基于生物分类充足性(BITS)的底栖生物指数进行评估。沉积物特征(有机质百分比,%OM;氧化还原电位不连续层深度,RPDL;粒度组成)和盐度代表了对泻湖群落的影响。可以从受海洋影响的地区及其生物区系中区分出狭窄地区和底栖生物并对其特征化。与其他亚得里亚海泻湖相比,物种数量非常少。 M-AMBI和BITS分类给出了非常相似的结果,这似乎与泻湖的生态条件相吻合,这就是在海向站和陆向站之间的生态质量上的区别,而海向站的生态质量(EcoQ)更高。考虑到卡拉瓦斯塔的压力和生态条件,必须谨慎考虑加强水产养殖活动,因为泻湖似乎有严重严重富营养化的显着风险。由于不规则地疏通通讯通道,与海洋环境的水交换有限,使这种情况变得更糟。

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