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Bovine and human becomings in histories of dairy technologies: robotic milking systems and remaking animal and human subjectivity

机译:奶业技术史上的牛牛与人牛:机器人挤奶系统以及动物与人类主观性的再造

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摘要

Rightsud© British Society for the History of Science 2017 This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.udAbstractudThis paper positions the recent emergence of robotic or automatic milking systems (AMS) in relation to discourses surrounding the longer history of milking technologies in the UK and elsewhere. The mechanisation of milking has been associated with sets of hopes and anxieties which permeated the transition from hand to increasingly automated forms of milking. This transition has affected the relationships between humans and cows on dairy farms, producing different modes of cow and human agency and subjectivity. In this paper, drawing on empirical evidence from a research project exploring AMS use in contemporary farms, we examine how ongoing debates about the benefits (or otherwise) of AMS relate to longer-term discursive currents surrounding the historical emergence of milking technologies and their implications for efficient farming and the human and bovine experience of milk production. We illustrate how technological change is in part based on understandings of people and cows, at the same time as bovine and human agency and subjectivity are entrained and reconfigured in relation to emerging milking technologies, so that what it is to be a cow or human becomes different as technologies change. We illustrate how this results from – and in – competing ways of understanding cows: as active agents, as contributing to technological design, as ‘free’, as ‘responsible’ and/or as requiring surveillance and discipline, and as efficient co-producers, with milking technologies, of milk.
机译:版权 ud©英国科学史学会,2017年这是一个开放获取文章,根据知识共享署名许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)的条款分发,允许无限制的复制 ud摘要 ud本文对机器人或自动挤奶系统(AMS)的最新出现与围绕挤奶技术历史悠久的论述有关,在任何介质中进行使用,分配和繁殖。英国和其他地方。挤奶的机械化与一系列希望和忧虑相关联,这些希望和忧虑弥漫着从手动挤奶到日益自动化的挤奶形式的转变。这种转变影响了奶牛场中人与牛之间的关系,产生了不同的牛与人代理和主观方式。在本文中,基于研究AMS在当代农场中使用的研究项目的经验证据,我们研究了关于AMS的益处(或其他方面)的持续辩论如何与围绕挤奶技术历史兴起的长期话语流及其含义相关联用于高效耕作以及人类和牛的牛奶生产经验。我们将说明技术变革如何部分基于对人与牛的理解,与此同时,牛和人的作用力和主观性也随着新兴的挤奶技术而被牵制和重新配置,从而成为牛或人随着技术的变化而有所不同。我们将说明这是如何以相互竞争的方式来理解母牛的:作为积极的主体,为技术设计做出贡献,为“免费”,“负责任”和/或需要监视和纪律,以及作为有效的联合生产者,采用挤奶技术。

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