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Contribution of Cations and Anions of Aqueous Electrolytes to the Charge Stored at the Electric Electrolyte/Electrode Interface of Carbon-Based Supercapacitors

机译:水性电解质的阳离子和阴离子对碳基超级电容器的电解质/电极界面处存储的电荷的贡献

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摘要

For their use in supercapacitors, aqueous electrolytes of acidic (H2SO4), neutral (Na2SO4, K2SO4), and basic (NaOH, KOH) nature are studied, using two microporous binder-free and self-standing carbon cloths as electrodes. The carbon cloths show similar porosities and specific surface areas but different contents in surface oxygen groups. The working potential window and the specific capacitance associated with the cations and anions are measured. From these parameters, the charges stored by the cations and anions at the electric electrolyte/electrode interface are deduced. The charge stored by the cations is higher than that stored by the anions for the three types of electrolytes. The differences between cations and anions are higher for the acidic and basic electrolyte than for the neutral electrolyte and also higher for the carbon cloth with the highest content in surface oxygen groups. The charge stored by the cations follows the sequence H3O+ > Na+ or K+ from the basic electrolytes > Na+ or K+ from the neutral electrolytes. The charge stored by the anions follows the sequence SO42– > HSO4– > OH–. The results here reported provide a better understanding on the electric double layer of carbon-based supercapacitors. Those results are also of interest for asymmetric and hybrid supercapacitors.
机译:为了将其用于超级电容器,使用两块无粘合剂的自立式碳布作为电极,研究了酸性(H2SO4),中性(Na2SO4,K2SO4)和碱性(NaOH,KOH)性质的水性电解质。碳布显示出相似的孔隙率和比表面积,但表面氧基团的含量不同。测量与阳离子和阴离子相关的工作电势窗口和比电容。根据这些参数,推导出阳离子和阴离子在电解质/电极界面处存储的电荷。对于三种类型的电解质,阳离子存储的电荷高于阴离子存储的电荷。酸性和碱性电解质的阳离子和阴离子之间的差异高于中性电解质,并且表面氧含量最高的碳布也更高。阳离子存储的电荷遵循以下顺序:碱性电解质中的H3O +> Na +或K +>中性电解质中的Na +或K +。阴离子存储的电荷顺序为SO42–> HSO4–> OH–。此处报告的结果提供了对碳基超级电容器的双电层的更好理解。对于不对称和混合超级电容器,这些结果也是令人感兴趣的。

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