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Seat belt use and fit among drivers aged 75 years and older in their own vehicles

机译:安全带在75岁及以上年龄的驾驶员中的使用和安装

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摘要

© 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. ABSTRACT: Objective: This article aims to describe seat belt wearing patterns and quality of seat belt fit among drivers aged 75 years and older. A secondary aim is to explore associations between body shape, comfort, and seat belt use patterns. Methods: This is an observation and survey study of a cohort of 380 drivers aged 75 years and over. During home visits, photographs were taken of the drivers in their vehicles for later analysis of belt fit and a short survey was also administered to collect demographic data and information about seat belt use and comfort. Seat belt fit and use of belt and seat accessories were analyzed from the photographs. Results: Data from 367 participants with photographs were analyzed. Whereas 97% reported using a seat belt and 90% reported their seat belt to be comfortable, 21% reported repositioning their seat belt to improve comfort. Good sash and lap belt fit were achieved in 53 and 59% of participants, respectively, but only 35% achieved overall good fit. Both poor sash and lap belt fit were observed in 23% of participants. Drivers who were in the obese category had over twice the odds (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–4.1) of having a poor lap belt fit than those in the normal body mass index [BMI] range, and drivers who were overweight had 1.8 times the odds (95% CI, 1.1–2.9) of having poor lap belt fit. Older females also had twice the odds (95% CI, 1.3–3.5) of poor lap belt fit compared to older males, regardless of BMI. Sash belt fit did not vary significantly by BMI, stature, or gender. However older drivers who reported that they had not made any adjustments to the D-ring height had 1.7 times the odds of having poor sash belt fit than those who made adjustments (1.2–2.9). Females were 7.3 times more likely to report comfort problems than males (95% CI, 3.2, 16.3) but there was no association between reported comfort and BMI or seat belt fit. Drivers who reported comfort problems had 6 times the odds (3.2–13.6) of also reporting active repositioning of the belt. Conclusions: The results suggest that older drivers face challenges in achieving comfortable and correct seat belt fit. This may have a negative impact on crash protection. Belt fit problems appear to be associated with body shape, particularly high BMI and gender. There is a need for further investigation of comfort accessories; in the interim, older drivers and occupants should be encoura ged to use features such as D-ring adjusters to improve sash belt fit.
机译:©2015泰勒与弗朗西斯集团有限公司。摘要:目的:本文旨在描述75岁及以上年龄的驾驶员的安全带佩戴方式和安全带配合质量。第二个目的是探索身体形状,舒适度和安全带使用方式之间的关联。方法:这是一项对380名年龄在75岁及以上的驾驶员的观察和调查研究。在进行家访时,为驾驶员的车辆拍照,以供日后分析安全带的贴合性,还进行了简短的调查,以收集人口统计数据以及有关安全带使用和舒适性的信息。从照片中分析了安全带的配合以及安全带和座椅配件的使用。结果:分析了来自367名参与者的照片。 97%的人报告使用安全带,而90%的人报告其安全带很舒适,而21%的人报告了重新放置安全带以提高舒适度。分别有53%和59%的参与者达到了良好的腰带和腰带合身性,但是只有35%的参与者实现了整体性的合身。在23%的参与者中,腰带和腰带合身性都很差。肥胖者的腰带安全性比正常体重指数[BMI]范围高的几率(95%置信区间[CI],1.2-4.1)高出两倍,超重者腰带安全性差的几率(95%CI,1.1–2.9)为1.8倍。与BMI相比,老年女性的腰带安全性差的几率(95%CI,1.3-3.5)是男性的两倍。腰带的贴合度因BMI,身材或性别而变化不大。然而,据报导他们未对D形环高度进行任何调整的老年驾驶员的腰带安全性差的几率是进行调整的人的1.2倍(1.2-2.9)。女性报告舒适性问题的可能性是男性的95倍(95%CI,3.2、16.3),但报告的舒适度与BMI或安全带贴身之间没有关联。报告舒适度问题的驾驶员的机率是报告皮带主动重新定位的几率(3.2-13.6)。结论:结果表明,年长的驾驶员在获得舒适和正确的安全带贴合方面面临挑战。这可能会对碰撞保护产生负面影响。安全带合身问题似乎与身体形状有关,尤其是BMI和性别较高的人。需要进一步研究舒适配件;在此期间,应鼓励年龄较大的驾驶员和乘员使用D形环调节器等功能,以改善腰带安全性。

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