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Characterisation of source-separated household waste intended for composting

机译:用于堆肥的按源分类的生活垃圾的表征

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摘要

Large-scale composting of source-separated household waste has expanded in recent years in the Nordic countries. One problem can be low pH at the start of the process. Incoming biowaste at four composting plants was characterised chemically, physically and microbiologically. The pH of food waste ranged from 4.7 to 6.1 and organic acid concentration from 24 to 81 mmol kg−1. The bacterial diversity in the waste samples was high, with all samples dominated by Gammaproteobacteria, particularly Pseudomonas and Enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter). Lactic acid bacteria were also numerically important and are known to negatively affect the composting process because the lactic acid they produce lowers the pH, inhibiting other bacteria. The bacterial groups needed for efficient composting, i.e. Bacillales and Actinobacteria, were present in appreciable amounts. The results indicated that start-up problems in the composting process can be prevented by recycling bulk material and compost.
机译:近年来,在北欧国家,按来源分类的家庭垃圾的大规模堆肥化有所扩大。一个问题可能是过程开始时的低pH值。从化学,物理和微生物方面对四个堆肥厂传入的生物废物进行了表征。食物垃圾的pH值范围为4.7至6.1,有机酸浓度范围为24至81 mmol·kg-1。废物样品中的细菌多样性很高,所有样品均以丙酸杆菌属为主,尤其是假单胞菌和肠杆菌(大肠埃希氏菌,克雷伯菌,肠杆菌)。乳酸菌在数值上也很重要,已知会对堆肥过程产生负面影响,因为它们产生的乳酸会降低pH值,从而抑制其他细菌。有效堆肥所需的细菌种类(即杆菌和放线菌)的数量可观。结果表明,可以通过回收散装物料和堆肥来防止堆肥过程中的启动问题。

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