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Ambiguous Polymeric Surfaces For Marine Anti-Fouling Applications

机译:船舶防污应用的含糊聚合物表面

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摘要

Marine biofouling is defined as the undesirable accumulation of biomacromolecules, microbial slimes, plants, and animals on a surface immersed in seawater. Due to the extra surface area and roughness generated by biofouling, vessels moving through the ocean require more energy to overcome frictional forces. Consequently, significant savings in both fuel consumption and emissions can be realized by combating biofouling. While traditional methods of biofouling control have generally incorporated ablative metallic biocide containing materials, these coatings are now being phased out due to their inherent risk to the environment. This has opened the door for the development of novel polymeric materials, dependant on a combination of surface chemistry and bulk modulus, as a means of marine fouling control. This dissertation will explore the development, characterization and assay of several different multilayer polymeric coatings consisting of a relatively thick low modulus poly(styrene)-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-poly(styrene) (SEBS) thermoplastic elastomer base layer and a relatively thin surface active block copolymer (SABC) consisting of poly(styrene) and a functional block derived from either poly(acrylic acid) or poly(isoprene). Additionally, a fundamental study comparing the performance of surfaces functionalized with polymer brushes to surfaces functionalized with self-assembled monolayers will be presented. Bulk chemical characterization of the materials produced will be related using methods including 1H NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and gel permeation chromatography. Surface characterization of the materials produced meanwhile will be presented using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic water contact angle analysis, and nearedge X-ray adsorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements. Biofouling performance meanwhile will be evaluated using a combination of biofouling assays including settlement and release of the green alga Ulva and the diatom Navicula and tests of the adhesion characteristics of the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). Correlations between surface chemistry, coating modulus, and fouling settlement and release behavior will be identified and specific conclusions on the fouling performance of these various coating formulations will be reported on.
机译:海洋生物污染被定义为生物大分子,微生物粘液,植物和动物在浸入海水的表面上不希望的积累。由于生物污垢产生的额外表面积和粗糙度,在海洋中航行的船只需要更多的能量来克服摩擦力。因此,通过对抗生物污垢,可以在燃油消耗和排放方面实现大量节省。尽管传统的生物污染控制方法通常都包含含烧蚀性金属杀生物剂的材料,但由于其固有的环境风险,这些涂料现已被淘汰。依靠表面化学和体积模量的结合,这为开发新型聚合物材料打开了大门,作为控制海洋污染的一种手段。本文将探讨由相对较厚的低模量聚(苯乙烯)-嵌段-聚(乙烯-亚丁基)-嵌段-聚(苯乙烯)热塑性弹性体组成的几种不同的多层聚合物涂层的开发,表征和测定底层和由聚苯乙烯和衍生自聚丙烯酸或聚异戊二烯的官能团组成的相对薄的表面活性嵌段共聚物(SABC)。此外,将提出一项基础研究,将聚合物刷功能化的表面与自组装单层功能化的表面的性能进行比较。使用包括1H NMR光谱,傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱,元素分析和凝胶渗透色谱在内的方法,可以对生产的材料进行大体积化学表征。同时,将使用X射线光电子能谱(XPS),动态水接触角分析和近边缘X射线吸附精细结构(NEXAFS)测量来显示所生产材料的表面特性。同时,生物污损性能将通过生物污损检测方法的组合进行评估,包括绿藻Ulva和硅藻Navicula的沉降和释放以及蛋白牛血清白蛋白(BSA)粘附特性的测试。将确定表面化学性质,涂层模量以及结垢沉降和释放行为之间的相关性,并将报告有关这些各种涂料配方的结垢性能的具体结论。

著录项

  • 作者

    Weinman Craig;

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  • 年度 2009
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 en_US
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