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The growth and water relations of a coastal halophyte, Salicornia bigelovii

机译:沿海盐生植物长叶拟南芥的生长与水的关系

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摘要

The succulent, annual euhalophyte, Salicornia bigelovii was grown in 1, 10, 35, 45 and 60 ppt Instant Ocean. This range represents approximately 1/35 to nearly twice the salinity of seawater. The plants in the 4 highest salinities had common final dry weights and seed yields of about 60 and 11 g, respectively, while the 1 ppt plants had 28 and nearly 5 g, respectively. The water relations data reflected the growth and seed production of the plants. The plants in the 4 higher salinities had water potentials sufficient to generate large import gradients and osmotic potentials which contributed to substantial turgors. The 1 ppt plants had a gradient like the rest, but a very low turgor of 0.11 MPa which was barely 23% of that of the lowest of the other treatments. Higher salinities resulted in slightly greater organic and inorganic osmotica contents. Overall, these results suggest a relatively fixed genetic response to a wide range of salinities, as well as an inability to function well at very low salinities. No plant grown at 0 ppt was ever able to reproduce. Therefore, this plant is an obligate halophyte. Experiments in the plant's native coastal estuary indicated meristem water potentials fluctuate with the tides, although they remain about 1.5 MPa below the corresponding soil water potentials. The plants occupy a discrete elevational range throughout the estuary, spending about 1/3 of their daylight hours submerged, and apparently never see dryness. Phenotype differences in the estuary suggest that, within the habitat, pacing and consequent resource domination may be important parameters affecting plant size and possibly fitness. Nitrogen, which is characteristically rare in this and other estuaries, may be critical in this regard. The plants produce large quantities of glycine-betaine, which may be for simultaneous osmoticum use and nitrogen storage. Most roots occur in the first 3 inches of soil. A mechanism is proposed, based on highly efficient compartmentation at the cellular level and the shuttling of organic osmoticum across the tonoplast, by which the tidally based cyclical water potentials could be explained.
机译:多汁的一年生真盐生大戟Salicornia bigelovii生长在1、10、35、45和60 ppt的即食海洋中。该范围代表海水盐度的大约1/35到几乎两倍。盐度最高的4种植物的最终最终干重和种子产量分别约为60 g和11 g,而1 ppt的植物分别具有28 g和近5 g的种子。水关系数据反映了植物的生长和种子产量。盐度较高的4种植物的水势足以产生较大的进口梯度和渗透势,从而造成了巨大的膨胀。 1 ppt的植株具有与其余植株相似的梯度,但其极低的膨松度为0.11 MPa,仅是其他最低处理植株的23%。较高的盐度导致有机和无机渗透压含量略高。总体而言,这些结果表明对多种盐度的遗传反应相对固定,并且在非常低的盐度下无法正常运行。没有以0 ppt生长的植物能够繁殖。因此,该植物是专性的盐生植物。在该植物的原生沿海河口进行的实验表明,分生组织的水势会随潮汐而波动,尽管它们仍比相应的土壤水势低约1.5 MPa。这些植物在整个河口占据一个不连续的海拔范围,将其约1/3的白天都淹没在水中,并且显然从未见过干燥。河口的表型差异表明,在栖息地内,起搏和随之而来的资源优势可能是影响植物大小和适应性的重要参数。在此河口和其他河口通常稀有的氮气在这​​方面可能至关重要。这些植物会产生大量的甘氨酸-甜菜碱,可同时用于渗透压和氮存储。大多数根发生在土壤的前3英寸。提出了一种机制,该机制基于在细胞水平上的高效分隔和有机渗透物在液泡膜中的穿梭,从而可以解释潮汐式循环水势。

著录项

  • 作者

    Weeks Jon Randall1949-;

  • 作者单位
  • 年度 1986
  • 总页数
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 en
  • 中图分类

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