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Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) of ex-combatants and development with a specific reference to the reintegration of the Taliban in Afghanistan

机译:前战斗人员的解除武装,复员和重返社会与发展,特别提到阿富汗塔利班的重返社会

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摘要

The disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) of ex-combatants often presents itself as one of the most crucial activities in a post-conflict peace-building context, with important effects upon the wider transitional process from war to peace and development. According to the United Nations (UN) Integrated Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Standards (IDDRS), DDR ‘is a complex process, with political, military, security, humanitarian and socio-economic dimensions’ (UN, 2006). This is particularly the case in environments where there is a large caseload of ex-combatants; in some instances such as Liberia there were as many as over 100,000 in a population of only a few million (Podder, 2012). Even where there are small caseloads of ex-combatants, as was the case in Kosovo and Timor-Leste, it is important to note that with a high number of dependants for each ex-combatant, the real ‘caseload’ of people depending on DDR processes can be many times more than those ex-combatants who are benefiting directly from such programmes (…zerdem, 2003a, 2003b, 2010). In other words, DDR programmes can have much wider implications for prosperity and development in a typical post-conflict environment than just their directly attributable outcomes in terms of reintegration benefits for ex-combatants. This chapter argues that each aspect of DDR, from disarmament to reintegration, involves activities that are likely to have profound implications for peace-building and post-conflict development trajectories of war-torn societies.
机译:前战斗人员的解除武装,复员和重返社会(复员方案)通常是冲突后建设和平中最重要的活动之一,对从战争到和平与发展的更广泛过渡进程具有重要影响。根据联合国(UN)解除武装,复员和重返社会综合标准(IDDRS),解除武装,复员和重返社会是一个复杂的过程,涉及政治,军事,安全,人道主义和社会经济方面”(联合国,2006年)。在有大量前战斗人员的环境中,情况尤其如此。在某些情况下,例如利比里亚,仅几百万人口中有多达100,000多人(Podder,2012年)。即使在前战斗员人数很少的地方(如科索沃和东帝汶的情况),也要注意,由于每位前战斗员的家属人数众多,实际的“案件量”取决于DDR与直接从此类计划中受益的前战斗人员相比,这一过程可能要多很多倍(……zerdem,2003a,2003b,2010)。换句话说,解除武装,复员和重返社会方案对典型的冲突后环境而言,对繁荣和发展的影响远不止其直接归因于前战斗人员重返社会的成果。本章认为,解除武装,复员和重返社会的各个方面,从裁军到重返社会,都涉及可能对受战争破坏的社会的和平建设和冲突后发展轨迹产生深远影响的活动。

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    Ozerdem A.;

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  • 年度 2015
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  • 正文语种 {"code":"en","name":"English","id":9}
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