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Lack of Adjustment Latitude at Work as a Trigger of Taking Sick Leave-A Swedish Case-Crossover Study

机译:工作中缺乏调整自由度导致病假的触发-瑞典案例交叉研究

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摘要

Objectives: Research has shown that individuals reporting a low level of adjustment latitude, defined as having few possibilities to temporarily adjust work demands to illness, have a higher risk of sick leave. To what extent lack of adjustment latitude influences the individual when making the decision to take sick leave is unknown. We hypothesize that ill individuals are more likely to take sick leave on days when they experience a lack of adjustment latitude at work than on days with access to adjustment latitude. Methods: A case-crossover design was applied to 546 sick-leave spells, extracted from a cohort of 1 430 employees at six Swedish workplaces, with a 3-12 month follow-up of all new sick-leave spells. Exposure to lack of adjustment latitude on the first sick-leave day was compared with exposure during several types of control periods sampled from the previous two months for the same individual. Results: Only 35% of the respondents reported variations in access to adjustment latitude, and 19% reported a constant lack of adjustment latitude during the two weeks prior to the sick-leave spell. Among those that did report variation, the risk of sick leave was lower on days with lack of adjustment latitude, than on days with access (Odds Ratio 0.36, 95% Confidence Interval 0.25-0.52). Conclusions: This is the first study to show the influence of adjustment latitude on the decision to take sick leave. Among those with variations in exposure, lack of adjustment latitude was a deterrent of sick leave, which is contrary to the a priori hypothesis. These results indicate that adjustment latitude may not only capture long-lasting effects of a flexible working environment, but also temporary possibilities to adjust work to being absent. Further studies are needed to disentangle the causal mechanisms of adjustment latitude on sick-leave.
机译:目标:研究表明,个人对适应度的控制水平较低(被定义为暂时无法根据疾病暂时调整工作要求的可能性),病假的风险较高。在做出病假决定时,缺乏调整自由度会在多大程度上影响个人。我们假设,患病的人在缺乏适应能力的日子比在有适应能力的日子里更容易请病假。方法:案例交叉设计应用于546种病假,这些病假是从瑞典6个工作场所的1,430名员工中提取的,并对所有新的病假进行了3-12个月的随访。将在病假的第一天缺乏调整自由度的暴露与同一个人从前两个月采样的几种控制时期的暴露进行比较。结果:只有35%的被调查者报告了适应宽容度的变化,而19%的被调查者则在病假开始前的两周内持续缺乏适应性纬度。在那些报告差异的患者中,在缺乏调整自由度的日子里,病假的风险要比在可以自由度的日子低(几率0.36,95%的置信区间0.25-0.52)。结论:这是第一项显示调整纬度对请病假决定的影响的研究。在暴露水平变化的那些人中,缺乏调整自由度是病假的威慑力,这与先验假设相反。这些结果表明,调整纬度不仅可以捕获灵活工作环境的长期影响,而且还可以暂时调整工作缺失。需要进一步研究以弄清病假调整纬度的因果机制。

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