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Evidence for the effects of neonicotinoids used in arable crop production on non-target organisms and concentrations of residues in relevant matrices: a systematic map protocol

机译:耕作作物中使用的新烟碱类药物对非目标生物的影响以及相关基质中残留物浓度的证据:系统图谱协议

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摘要

BackgroundudNeonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) have been routinely used in arable crop protection since their development in the early 1990s. These insecticides have been subject to the same registration procedures as other groups of pesticides, thus meet the same environmental hazard standards as all crop protection products. However, during the last 10 years the debate regarding their possible detrimental impact on non-target organisms, particularly pollinators, has become increasingly contentious and widely debated. Against this background, legislators and politicians in some countries, have been faced with a need to make decisions on the future registration of some or all of this class of insecticides, based on published evidence that in some areas is incomplete or limited in extent. This has created much concern in agricultural communities that consider that the withdrawal of these insecticides is likely to have significant negative economic, socio-economic and environmental consequences.udMethodsudThe proposed systematic map aims to address the following primary question: What is the available evidence for the effects of neonicotinoids used in arable crop production on non-target organisms and concentrations of residues in relevant matrices? The primary question will be divided into two sub-questions to gather research literature for (1) the effect of NNIs on non-target organisms (2) the occurrence of concentrations of NNIs in matrices of relevance to non-target organisms (i.e. exposure routes). The systematic map will focus on NNIs used in arable crop production: imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, thiacloprid and dinotefuran. Separate inclusion criteria have been developed for each sub-question. Traditional academic and grey literature will be searched for in English language and a searchable databases containing extracted meta-data from relevant included studies will be developed.
机译:背景 ud自2000年代初以来,新烟碱类杀虫剂(NNIs)一直被用于可耕作物保护中。这些杀虫剂已与其他类别的杀虫剂经过相同的注册程序,因此与所有农作物保护产品都达到相同的环境危害标准。然而,在过去的十年中,关于其对非目标生物特别是传粉媒介可能产生的有害影响的辩论日益引起争议,并进行了广泛的辩论。在这种背景下,一些国家的立法者和政客需要根据某些地区不完整或范围有限的公开证据,就某些或全部此类杀虫剂的未来注册作出决定。这在农业社区中引起了很多关注,认为这些杀虫剂的撤出可能会对经济,社会经济和环境造成严重的负面影响。 udMethods ud拟议的系统地图旨在解决以下主要问题:证据表明可耕作作物中使用的新烟碱类物质对非目标生物体以及相关基质中残留物浓度的影响?主要问题将分为两个子问题,以收集有关以下方面的研究文献:(1)NNI对非目标生物的影响(2)与非目标生物相关的基质中NNI浓度的发生(即接触途径) )。该系统图将重点关注可耕作作物生产中使用的NNI:吡虫啉,可尼丁,噻虫嗪,乙酰胺,噻虫啉和地替呋喃。已经为每个子问题制定了单独的纳入标准。将使用英语搜索传统的学术和灰色文献,并将开发一个可检索的数据库,其中包含从相关纳入研究中提取的元数据。

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