La maquette numérique comme support pour la recherche visuelle d'informations patrimoniales : définition d'une approche pour la sémantisation de sources iconographiques par référencement spatial.

摘要

The collection, the organization and the search for iconographic sources are certainly a main issue within the communities that are interested in the study, the conservation and the valorization of the architectural heritage. The organization and the structuring of these resources are an important problem if for researcher involved into the design of tomorrow's digital archives. Today, the most used method to classify and search iconographic contents within a database is the key words-based search. Nevertheless, the association between the research topics and the contents of images is not entirely developed. In particular, in the field of architectural documentation, according to the degree of complexity (in terms of wealth of information) and the heterogeneity (in terms of variety of supports and techniques of execution) of iconographic sources (photographs, drawings, paintings, etc), existing solutions for semantic annotation of images are ineffective. This thesis starts from the assumption that the interactive 3D model interactive can be an important support to access at the heritage information. In this direction, this work focuses on the use of the building's morphology representation as primary source to distribute/propagate semantic attributes on the whole of the iconographic sources (the 2D representations), which are under a condition of geometrical/spatial coherence with its three-dimensional model. A semantic description model (structuring the whole of terms which can describe the morphology of a building) is then used as common denominator in order to establish relations between the 3D representation of the architectural shapes that compose the building and the corresponding iconographic sources (collection of segmented 2D images). This work led to the definition and the development of an information system allowing visually search, within a 3D model, iconographic sources according to spatial, morphological and semantic criteria. This system is a Web application is usable by specialists in the field of architectural documentation as by the general public.