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Mental Health Benefits of Long-Term Exposure to Residential Green and Blue Spaces: A Systematic Review

机译:长期接触住宅对心理健康的好处 绿色和蓝色空间:系统综述

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摘要

Many studies conducted during the last decade suggest the mental health benefits of green and blue spaces. We aimed to systematically review the available literature on the long-term mental health benefits of residential green and blue spaces by including studies that used standardized tools or objective measures of both the exposures and the outcomes of interest. We followed the PRISMA statement guidelines for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis. In total 28 studies were included in the systematic review. We found limited evidence for a causal relationship between surrounding greenness and mental health in adults, whereas the evidence was inadequate in children. The evidence was also inadequate for the other exposures evaluated (access to green spaces, quality of green spaces, and blue spaces) in both adults and children. The main limitation was the limited number of studies, together with the heterogeneity regarding exposure assessment. Given the increase in mental health problems and the current rapid urbanization worldwide, results of the present systematic review should be taken into account in future urban planning. However, further research is needed to provide more consistent evidence and more detailed information on the mechanisms and the characteristics of the green and blue spaces that promote better mental health. We provide recommendations for future studies in order to provide consistent and evidence-based recommendations for policy makers.
机译:在过去十年中进行的许多研究表明,绿色和蓝色空间对心理健康有好处。我们的目的是通过纳入使用标准化工具或客观测量暴露量和目标结果的研究,系统地回顾有关住宅绿色和蓝色空间对长期心理健康益处的现有文献。我们遵循PRISMA声明准则来报告系统评价和荟萃分析。系统评价总共包括28项研究。我们发现成人周围的绿色与心理健康之间存在因果关系的证据有限,而儿童的证据不足。对于成年人和儿童,其他评估暴露(进入绿色空间,绿色空间的质量和蓝色空间)的证据也不足。主要限制是研究数量有限,以及暴露评估的异质性。考虑到精神健康问题的增加和当前全球范围内快速的城市化,在未来的城市规划中应考虑当前系统评价的结果。但是,需要进行进一步的研究,以提供有关绿色和蓝色空间促进更好的心理健康的机制和特征的更一致的证据和更详细的信息。我们为将来的研究提供建议,以便为决策者提供一致且基于证据的建议。

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