首页> 外文OA文献 >The comparative osmoregulatory ability of two water beetle genera whose species span the fresh-hypersaline gradient in inland waters (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae).
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The comparative osmoregulatory ability of two water beetle genera whose species span the fresh-hypersaline gradient in inland waters (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydrophilidae).

机译:内陆水域(鞘翅目:Dytiscidae,Hyphilipidae)的两个水生甲虫属的物种之间的渗透调节能力比较,这两个物种跨越了新鲜的高透明碱梯度。

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摘要

A better knowledge of the physiological basis of salinity tolerance is essential to understanding the ecology and evolutionary history of organisms that have colonized inland saline waters. Coleoptera are amongst the most diverse macroinvertebrates in inland waters, including saline habitats; however, the osmoregulatory strategies they employ to deal with osmotic stress remain unexplored. Survival and haemolymph osmotic concentration at different salinities were examined in adults of eight aquatic beetle species which inhabit different parts of the fresh-hypersaline gradient. Studied species belong to two unrelated genera which have invaded saline waters independently from freshwater ancestors; Nebrioporus (Dytiscidae) and Enochrus (Hydrophilidae). Their osmoregulatory strategy (osmoconformity or osmoregulation) was identified and osmotic capacity (the osmotic gradient between the animal's haemolymph and the external medium) was compared between species pairs co-habiting similar salinities in nature. We show that osmoregulatory capacity, rather than osmoconformity, has evolved independently in these different lineages. All species hyperegulated their haemolymph osmotic concentration in diluted waters; those living in fresh or low-salinity waters were unable to hyporegulate and survive in hyperosmotic media (> 340 mosmol kg(-1)). In contrast, the species which inhabit the hypo-hypersaline habitats were effective hyporegulators, maintaining their haemolymph osmolality within narrow limits (ca. 300 mosmol kg(-1)) across a wide range of external concentrations. The hypersaline species N. ceresyi and E. jesusarribasi tolerated conductivities up to 140 and 180 mS cm(-1), respectively, and maintained osmotic gradients over 3500 mosmol kg(-1), comparable to those of the most effective insect osmoregulators known to date. Syntopic species of both genera showed similar osmotic capacities and in general, osmotic responses correlated well with upper salinity levels occupied by individual species in nature. Therefore, osmoregulatory capacity may mediate habitat segregation amongst congeners across the salinity gradient.
机译:更好地了解盐分耐受性的生理基础对于了解内陆咸水殖民地生物的生态学和进化史至关重要。鞘翅目是内陆水域(包括盐类生境)中种类最多的无脊椎动物。然而,他们用于应对渗透压的渗透调节策略仍未得到开发。研究了八种水生甲虫的成虫在不同盐度下的存活和血淋巴渗透浓度,这些甲虫生活在新鲜高透明碱梯度的不同部位。研究的物种属于两个不相关的属,它们独立于淡水祖先入侵了盐水。 Nebrioporus(Dytiscidae)和Enochrus(Hydrophilidae)。确定了它们的渗透调节策略(渗透整合或渗透调节),并比较了自然界中相似盐度的物种对之间的渗透能力(动物血淋巴与外部介质之间的渗透梯度)。我们显示渗透调节能力,而不是渗透整合,已在这些不同的谱系中独立发展。所有物种都在稀释水中对血淋巴渗透浓度进行了过度调节;那些生活在淡水或低盐度水中的人无法抑制调节并在高渗介质(> 340 mosmol kg(-1))中生存。相反,居住在hyper-hyperaline栖息地的物种是有效的调节因子,可在很宽的外部浓度范围内将其血淋巴重量摩尔渗透压浓度保持在狭窄范围内(约300 mosmol kg(-1))。高盐N. ceresyi和E. jesusarribasi物种分别耐受电导率达140和180 mS cm(-1),并在3500 mosmol kg(-1)上保持渗透梯度,这与已知的最有效的昆虫渗透调节剂相当日期。两个属的同属物种显示出相似的渗透能力,并且总的来说,渗透反应与自然界中单个物种所占的较高盐度水平具有很好的相关性。因此,渗透调节能力可以在盐度梯度上介导同族之间的生境隔离。

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