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Chimpanzee conservation in light of impending iron ore mining project in SE Senegal

机译:塞内加尔东南部即将开展铁矿石开采项目的黑猩猩保护

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摘要

Although metal mining is increasing in Africa, little is known about its effects on endangered ape populations. In Senegal, much of the metal mining is located in the southeastern region, where the effects of mining compound existing conservation problems faced by savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). As mining and, subsequently, human populations increase in Senegal, chimpanzee populations will likely be displaced from areas of suitable habitat. To understand the effects of human disturbances on chimpanzee populations prior to mining, as well as chimpanzee habitat use and behaviors, I collected survey data at two study sites that have been identified by mining company ArcelorMittal as iron ore mining sites. The sites, located in the Falèmè region, were surveyed for chimpanzee nests, behavioral artifacts, habitat types, and areas of human disturbance using reconnaissance and line transect surveys. A total of 184 nests were recorded in and around the 256 km2 Kharakhena (KR) study site and 243 nests at the 64 km2 Bofeto (BO) site. Human disturbances including villages, cultivated areas, mining activities, and tree cutting by herders, were recorded using GIS. Results show that although chimpanzees around KR appear to avoid nesting within areas of human disturbance, at the BO site nesting frequently occurs within disturbed areas. Chimpanzee behavioral data was collected opportunistically through indirect measures during reconnaissance and transect surveys. Indirect data indicate the chimpanzees of KR termite fish using brush-tipped tools and enter caves, behaviors that are relatively rare for this species. Further efforts are needed to understand the balance between shared land occupation of chimpanzees and human around the BO site, as well as reasons for displacement as mining activities and human populations increase.
机译:尽管非洲的金属开采在增加,但对濒临灭绝的猿猴种群的影响知之甚少。在塞内加尔,许多金属开采都位于东南部地区,那里开采的影响加剧了大草原黑猩猩(Pan troglodytes verus)面临的现有保护问题。随着采矿业的发展以及塞内加尔人口的增加,黑猩猩的种群很可能会从合适的栖息地流离失所。为了了解采矿之前人为干扰对黑猩猩种群的影响以及黑猩猩的栖息地使用和行为,我收集了两个研究地点的调查数据,这些研究地点已被矿业公司ArcelorMittal确认为铁矿石开采地点。使用侦察和线样断面调查法对位于法雷梅地区的这些地点进行了黑猩猩巢,行为伪迹,栖息地类型以及人为干扰区域的调查。在256平方公里的Kharakhena(KR)研究地点及其周围记录了总共184个巢,在64平方公里的Bofeto(BO)地点记录了243个巢。使用GIS记录了包括村庄,耕地,采矿活动和牧民砍伐树木在内的人为干扰。结果表明,尽管KR周围的黑猩猩似乎避免在人为干扰区域内筑巢,但在BO站点,经常在受干扰的区域内筑巢。黑猩猩的行为数据是在侦察和样带调查期间通过间接措施随机收集的。间接数据表明,KR白蚁鱼的黑猩猩使用刷尖工具进入洞穴,这种行为在该物种中相对罕见。需要进一步努力,以了解在黑猩猩共享土地的土地占用与BO基地周围人员之间的平衡,以及随着采矿活动和人口增加而流离失所的原因。

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    Boyer, Kelly Morgan;

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  • 年度 2011
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