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Irrigation water management by simulation for a diversion irrigation system and saturated soil conditions

机译:通过分流灌溉系统和饱和土壤条件的模拟灌溉水管理

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摘要

The objectives of this study are related to the determination of the optimal use of water for a run-of-the-river irrigation system for rice production. A simulation model was developed based on the concept of rotation irrigation and was used in the irrigation water management study to estimate the optimal irrigation time interval that will maximize the yield of rice, determine the effects of subdividing the irrigable area into rotation areas on the yield of rice and water supply, and estimate the maximum area that would give the highest yield and the optimal area that could be put under rice production for a river water source;The input data were rainfall, pan evaporation and stream flow. The depth of water applied and the potential evapotranspiration were computed. Water depletion was calculated by adding the potential evapotranspiration and soil percolation. The number of moisture-stress days was determined, based on the depth of water in the field; the yield of rice was calculated by use of a yield function based on the number of moisture-stress days developed from the data obtained in the Philippines;The combination of the number of rotation areas and the rotation interval that produced the highest yield was selected as the optimal water management for a given area. Since the simulation was done for several irrigable areas, the largest area that gave the potential yield of 2.43 tons/acre was selected as the irrigable area that can be supplied with irrigation water without moisture stress, and the area that obtained the highest profit was selected as the optimal irrigable area;It was not necessary to subdivide the irrigable area into rotation areas when the water supply was adequate. The rotation interval varied from 1 to 8 days and did not affect significantly the yield of rice. However, an interval of more than 8 days considerably decreased the yield. For the irrigable area of highest profit, it was necessary to divide the area into 4 rotation areas which were irrigated at 4-day intervals;There was no significant difference between the rotation irrigation scheme and continuous irrigation for small irrigable areas when the water supply was adequate. However, rotation irrigation provided for a significantly greater optimal irrigable area. It also gave significantly higher production for large irrigable areas when the water supply became inadequate;Since the results of this study are realistic and comparable with all research findings and field observations that are available in the literature, it can be concluded that the model is acceptable, rice production can be optimized by rotation irrigation, and selection of the area and interval is required for a given quantity of diverted water.
机译:这项研究的目标与确定用于水稻生产的河道灌溉系统的最佳用水量有关。基于轮灌的概念开发了一个模拟模型,并将其用于灌溉水管理研究中,以估算最佳灌溉时间间隔,该时间间隔将使水稻产量最大化,确定将灌溉面积细分为轮作面积对产量的影响估算稻米和水的供应量,并估算出最大的产量和最大的面积,以及河流水源可用于稻米生产的最佳面积;输入数据为降雨,蒸发皿蒸发和水流。计算了水的深度和潜在的蒸散量。通过将潜在的蒸散量和土壤渗滤相加来计算水耗。根据田间水深确定了水分胁迫天数;根据菲律宾获得的数据得出的水分胁迫天数,使用产量函数计算水稻产量;选择轮作面积和轮作间隔最高的组合作为最高产量给定区域的最佳水管理。由于对多个灌溉区域进行了模拟,因此选择了能够产生2.43吨/英亩潜在产量的最大区域作为可在没有水分胁迫的情况下提供灌溉水的灌溉区域,并选择了获利最高的区域。作为最佳灌溉面积;在供水充足的情况下,不必将灌溉面积细分为旋转面积。轮作间隔为1至8天,对水稻的产量没有明显影响。但是,间隔超过8天会大大降低产量。对于利润最高的灌溉区,有必要将其划分为4个轮灌区,每4天间隔灌溉一次;小灌溉区的轮灌方案与连续灌溉之间的供水量无明显差异。充足。然而,旋转灌溉提供了明显更大的最佳灌溉面积。当供水不足时,它也使大面积可灌溉区域的产量大大提高;由于这项研究的结果是现实的,并且可以与文献中提供的所有研究结果和现场观察结果相比较,因此可以得出结论,该模型是可以接受的,水稻的生产可以通过轮灌进行优化,对于一定数量的分流水,需要选择面积和间隔。

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