Ultrafine particulate matters enriched with metals are emitted into the atmosphere by industrial activities and can impact terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Thus, this study investigated the environmental effects of process particles from a lead-recycling facility after atmospheric deposition on soils and potential run-off to surface waters. The toxicity of lead-enriched PM for ecosystems was investigated on lettuce and bacteria by (i) germination tests, growth assays, lead transfer to plant tissues determination and (ii) Microtox analysis. The influence of ageing and soil properties on metal transfer and ecotoxicity was studied using three different soils and comparing various aged, spiked or historically long-term polluted soils. Finally, lead availability was assessed by 0.01 M CaCl2 soil extraction. The results showed that process PM have a toxic effect on lettuce seedling growth and on Vibrio fischeri metabolism. Soil–PM interactions significantly influence PM ecotoxicity and bioavailability; the effect is complex and depends on the duration of ageing. Solubilisation or stabilisation processes with metal speciation changes could be involved. Finally, Microtox and phytotoxicity tests are sensitive and complementary tools for studying process PM ecotoxicity.
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机译：富含金属的超细颗粒物通过工业活动排放到大气中，并可能影响陆地和水生生态系统。因此，本研究调查了大气中的土壤沉积以及潜在的地表水径流之后，铅回收设施中工艺颗粒的环境影响。通过（i）发芽测试，生长测定，铅向植物组织的转移测定和（ii）微生物毒素分析，研究了富铅PM对生菜和细菌的生态系统毒性。使用三种不同的土壤并比较了各种老化，加标或长期污染的土壤，研究了老化和土壤性质对金属转移和生态毒性的影响。最后，通过0.01 M CaCl2土壤萃取来评估铅的有效性。结果表明过程PM对生菜幼苗生长和费氏弧菌代谢具有毒性作用。土壤与PM之间的相互作用会显着影响PM的生态毒性和生物利用度；影响是复杂的，取决于衰老的持续时间。可能涉及具有金属形态变化的增溶或稳定过程。最后，Microtox和植物毒性测试是研究过程PM生态毒性的灵敏和补充工具。
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