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Inter-species comparison of seed dormancy and germination of six annual Asteraceae weeds in an ecological context

机译:生态环境下六种菊科杂草种子休眠和萌发的种间比较

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摘要

To understand germination timing in an ecological context, the response to environmental events that affect seed dormancy is central, and has to be combined with knowledge of germination responses to different circumstances. In this study, seed dormancy, germination, and emergence phenology of six annual co-occurring weedy Asteraceae species were investigated. Three pre-treatments (warm and cold stratification, and dry storage) were tested as possible dormancy affecting environmental events. Seeds were also sown outdoors. Species-specific differences were revealed in analyses. To facilitate general descriptions of dormancy patterns and germination preferences separately, condensed responses to the different possible dormancy affecting treatments and relative germination in different environments were plotted, giving species-specific patterns. Most species exhibited decreased dormancy to two or three pre-treatments. Dormancy was most effectively reduced by cold stratification for three species (Guizotia scabra, Parthenium hysterophorus, Verbesina encelioides), by warm stratification for two (Bidens pilosa, Galinsoga parviflora) and by dry storage for one (Tagetes minuta). All species germinated more when provided with light than in continuous darkness. Temperature levels most suitable for germination varied from low (15/5-20/10°C) for Verbesina encelioides to high (25/15-30/20°C) for Bidens pilosa. It is concluded that, even though the species have different dormancy patterns and germination preferences that suggest different possible distribution ranges, the species achieve similar emergence timing in the field in environments with a pronounced dry period after dispersal and small annual temperature fluctuations.
机译:要了解生态环境中的发芽时间,对影响种子休眠的环境事件的响应至关重要,必须将其与对不同情况下的发芽响应的知识相结合。在这项研究中,调查了六种一年生的杂草菊科植物的种子休眠,发芽和出苗物候。测试了三种预处理(暖和冷分层和干燥存储)作为可能的休眠状态,影响环境事件。种子也播种在户外。在分析中揭示了特定物种的差异。为便于分别对休眠模式和萌发偏好进行一般性描述,绘制了对在不同环境中影响处理和相对萌发的不同可能休眠的简明响应,从而给出了特定于物种的模式。大多数物种对两个或三个预处理的休眠性降低。最有效的减少休眠的方法是对三种物种进行冷分层(Guizotia scabra,Parthenium hysterophorus,Verbesina encelioides),对两种物种进行温热分层(Bidens pilosa,Galinsoga parviflora)以及对一种物种进行干式储存(Tagetes minuta)。当光照时,所有物种的发芽比连续黑暗中发芽的多。最适合发芽的温度水平从马鞭草(Verbesina entlioides)的低(15 / 5-20 / 10°C)到比登(Bidens pilosa)的高温(25 / 15-30 / 20°C)不等。结论是,即使该物种具有不同的休眠模式和萌发偏好,表明可能的分布范围也不同,但在散布后干燥期明显且年温度波动较小的环境中,该物种在田间也实现了相似的出苗时间。

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