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Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in spayed bitches: new insights into the pathophysiology and options for treatment.

机译:雌性尿道括约肌功能不全:对病理生理学和治疗选择的新见解。

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摘要

Incidence of USMI after ovariectomy\udUrinary incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine [1]. In intact bitches urinary incontinence is rare (0-1 %) [2],\udwhereas in spayed bitches the incidence is up to 20% [3].\udThe underlying pathophysiological mechanism is mainly an acquired insuffi cient closure of the urethra after spaying\ud[4]. Therefore urinary incontinence after spaying is called urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI).\udWithin one year after spaying the urethral closure pressure is signifi cantly reduced. Because many bitches may only\udbecome incontinent years after surgery it took a long time until the causal relationship between ovariectomy and the\udoccurrence of incontinence was proven [5]. In one study, 83 of 412 (20%) bitches became incontinent 3 to 10 years after\udsurgery [3].\udAs long as 40 years ago urinary incontinence was described as a rare side effect of spaying [6]. However, it took 20\udyears to verify the causal relationship between the removal of the ovaries and urinary incontinence [5]. The triggering\udmechanism is still unclear.\udNeuronal damage can most likely be disregarded, as the risk of urinary incontinence is the same in ovariectomised\udand ovariohysterectomised bitches [3].
机译:卵巢切除术/尿失禁后USMI的发生是尿液的非自愿性丢失[1]。在完整的母犬中,尿失禁很少见(0-1%)[2],而在小母犬中,尿失禁的发生率高达20%[3]。\ ud潜在的病理生理机制主要是后排尿后尿道关闭不足\ ud [4]。因此,排尿后尿失禁被称为尿道括约肌功能不全(USMI)。\ ud在排尿后一年内,尿道闭合压力显着降低。因为许多母狗可能仅在手术后几年出现失禁,所以很长的时间才证实了卵巢切除术与失禁的发生之间的因果关系[5]。在一项研究中,在手术后3至10年中,有412个母犬中的83个(占20%)成为失禁[3]。只要40年前,尿失禁被描述为稀有的排尿副作用[6]。然而,花费了20多年的时间来验证卵巢切除与尿失禁之间的因果关系[5]。触发机制仍然不清楚。由于在切除卵巢和子宫子宫切除的母犬中尿失禁的风险是相同的,因此神经损伤很可能被忽略。[3]

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