Sistemas de información geográfica aplicado en la estimación de la exposición del Corregimiento La Virginia (Colombia) ante fenómenos de remoción en masa

摘要

The transformation of ecosystems either by natural or human means, has led to the destabilization of them. Climate change has increased the risk factor in the communities living in areas of high threat. One of the natural phenomena, which threaten the people are the phenomena of landslides. They increase with the heavy seasonal rains, which arrive with the phenomenon of La Niña and affect the entire population at risk and especially the township Virginia (Colombia).In this work the susceptibility and fragility with dimensions comprised evaluates: physical, educational, institutional, social, political, ecological, and economic dimensions. These dimensions aggregated in an index, show the degree of overall vulnerability of the study area. The development of this process is based on the methodology formulated by MOVE project, for the case study of Salzach River in Salzburg (Austria) in three of the eight steps. Some indicators were proposed by master students of the Tropical Agriculture Research Center Education Center (CATIE), for different basins of Central America, which are adapted to our region due to the similarity of the micro, relief, climate and social conditions.The study ranks La Virginia (Colombia) with a high degree of vulnerability due to landslides, mainly because three of its seven dimensions assessed are those that had the highest weights, and they determined the degree of vulnerability for the entire township.