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Treerunners, cryptic lizards of the Plica plica group (Squamata, Sauria, Tropiduridae) of northern South America

机译:南美洲北部的Plica plica组(鳞鳞,蜥蜴皮,梭皮科)的树行者,隐蔽的蜥蜴

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摘要

The arboreal, Neotropical lizard Plica plica (Linnaeus, 1758) has been long considered a widespread species with a distribution east of the Andes. A preliminary examination of 101 specimens from about 28 locations mostly north of the Amazon suggests that Plica plica is a cryptic species complex with taxa that can be distinguished on the basis of the number of scale rows at mid-body; the arrangement, shape and ornamentation of scales on the snout; the number of lamellae on the fourth toe; the number of subocular plates; as well as other commonly used external morphological traits. The allopatric species discussed here are concordant with northern South American geography. Plica plica (Linnaeus,1758) is associated with the Guiana Shield (Suriname, Guyana and Venezuela). A second species, P. caribeana sp. n. is associated with the Caribbean Coastal Range of Venezuela including Trinidad and Tobago. A third, distinctive species, P. rayi sp. n. is associated with the middle Orinoco at the eastern edge of the Guiana Shield. Two other species, P. kathleenae sp. n. and P. medemi sp. n., each based upon a single specimen, one from the Sierra Acarai Mountains of Guyana, and the other from southern Meta, Colombia are described. In addition to morphological analyses, we sequenced 12S and 16S rDNA gene fragments from one Plica plica from Trinidad to assess its relationship and taxonomy to other mainland Plica cf plica. The results suggest Plica caribeana sp. n. likely diverged prior to the separation of Trinidad from northern Venezuela. Isolation in the Caribbean Coastal Range during its rapid uplift in the late Miocene, combined with a marine incursion into northern Venezuela may have contributed to their genetic divergence from other populations. © John C. Murphy, Michael Jowers.
机译:树栖新热带蜥蜴Plica plica(Linnaeus,1758)长期以来一直被认为是分布广泛的物种,分布在安第斯山脉以东。对位于亚马逊河以北大部分地区约28个地点的101个标本进行的初步检查表明,Plica plica是一种含分类单元的隐性物种复合体,可以根据中体的鳞片行数进行区分。鼻子上的鳞片的布置,形状和装饰;第四趾上的薄片数量;眼下板的数量;以及其他常用的外部形态特征。这里讨论的异相物种与南美北部地理相一致。 Plica plica(Linnaeus,1758)与圭亚那盾(苏里南,圭亚那和委内瑞拉)有关。第二种,P。caribeana sp.。 。与委内瑞拉的加勒比沿海山脉有关,包括特立尼达和多巴哥。第三,独特的物种,P。rayi sp。 。与圭亚那盾牌东部边缘的奥里诺科中部有关。另外两个物种,P。kathleenae sp.。 。和P. medemi sp。 n。描述了每个样本,一个样本来自圭亚那的塞拉阿卡雷山脉,另一个样本来自哥伦比亚南部的梅塔。除形态分析外,我们对特立尼达的一个Plica plica的12S和16S rDNA基因片段进行了测序,以评估其与其他大陆Plica cf plica的关系和分类学。结果表明Plica caribeana sp。 。可能在特立尼达和委内瑞拉北部分离之前发生分歧。在中新世晚期迅速隆升期间,加勒比沿海山脉被隔离,再加上对委内瑞拉北部的海洋入侵,可能导致了它们与其他种群的遗传差异。 ©约翰·墨菲(Michael Cowers)。

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