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Remembering verbally-presented items as pictures:brain activity underlying visual mental images in schizophrenia patients with visual hallucinations

机译:将口头表达的项目记住为图片:患有幻觉的精神分裂症患者的视觉心理图像的大脑活动

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摘要

Background: Previous research suggests that visual hallucinations in schizophrenia consist of mental images mistaken for percepts due to failure of the reality-monitoring processes. However, the neural substrates that underpin such dysfunction are currently unknown. We conducted a brain imaging study to investigate the role of visual mental imagery in visual hallucinations. Method: Twenty-three patients with schizophrenia and 26 healthy participants were administered a reality-monitoring task whilst undergoing an fMRI protocol. At the encoding phase, a mixture of pictures of common items and labels designating common items were presented. On the memory test, participants were requested to remember whether a picture of the item had been presented or merely its label. Results: Visual hallucination scores were associated with a liberal response bias reflecting propensity to erroneously remember pictures of the items that had in fact been presented as words. At encoding, patients with visual hallucinations differentially activated the right fusiform gyrus when processing the words they later remembered as pictures, which suggests the formation of visual mental images. On the memory test, the whole patient group activated the anterior cingulate and medial superior frontal gyrus when falsely remembering pictures. However, no differential activation was observed in patients with visual hallucinations, whereas in the healthy sample, the production of visual mental images at encoding led to greater activation of a fronto-parietal decisional network on the memory test. Conclusions: Visual hallucinations are associated with enhanced visual imagery and possibly with a failure of the reality-monitoring processes that enable discrimination between imagined and perceived events.
机译:背景:先前的研究表明,精神分裂症的视觉幻觉是由于现实监控过程的失败而被误认为感知的精神图像。但是,目前尚不清楚支持这种功能障碍的神经基质。我们进行了一项脑成像研究,以研究视觉心理影像在幻觉中的作用。方法:23名精神分裂症患者和26名健康参与者在接受fMRI方案的同时接受了现实监测任务。在编码阶段,呈现了普通项目的图片和指定普通项目的标签的混合。在记忆力测试中,要求参与者记住是否已展示该项目的图片或仅仅是其标签。结果:视觉幻觉得分与自由反应偏见相关,反映出倾向于错误地记住实际上已经以词表示的项目图片的倾向。在编码时,患有视觉幻觉的患者在处理后来被记住为图片的单词时,会差异地激活右梭状回,这暗示了视觉心理图像的形成。在记忆力测试中,当错误记住图片时,整个患者组都激活了前扣带回和内侧额上回。然而,在幻觉患者中未观察到差异激活,而在健康样本中,编码时视觉精神图像的产生导致记忆测试中额顶决定性网络的更大激活。结论:幻觉与增强的视觉图像有关,并且可能与现实监视过程的失败有关,该过程使得能够区分想象的事件和感知的事件。

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