Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which can generate low-pollution power through microbial decomposition, are a potentially vital technology with applications in environmental protection and energy recovery. The electrode materials used in MFCs are crucial determinants of their capacity to generate electricity. In this study, we proposed an electrode surface modification method to enhance the bacterial adhesion and increase the power generation in MFCs. Graphene suspension (GS) is selected as modifying reagent, and thin films of graphene are fabricated on an electrode substrate by spin-coating. Application of this method makes it easy to control the thickness of graphene film. Moreover, the method has the advantage of low cost and large-area fabrication. To understand the practicality of the method, the effects of the number of coating layers and drying temperature of the graphene films on the MFCs’ performance levels are investigated. The results indicate that when the baking temperature is increased from 150 to 325 °C, MFC power generation can increase approximately 4.5 times. Besides, the maximum power density of MFCs equipped with a four-layer graphene anode is approximately four times that of MFCs equipped with a two-layer graphene anode. An increase in baking temperature or number of coating layers of graphene films enhances the performance of MFC power generation. The reason can be attributed to the graphene purity and amount of graphene adhering to the surface of electrode.
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