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3-D tomographic reconstruction of atmospheric gravity waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT)

机译:中层和下层热层(MLT)中大气重力波的3-D层析成像重建

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摘要

Gravity waves (GWs) have been intensively studied over recent decades because of their dominant role in the dynamics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The momentum deposition caused by breaking GWs determines the basic structure and drives the large-scale circulation in the MLT. Satellite observations provide a way to qualify the properties and effects of GWs on a global scale. As GWs can propagate vertically and horizontally in the atmosphere, resolving both horizontal and vertical wavelengths is important for the quantification of a wave. However, this can hardly be achieved by one instrument with a good spatial coverage and resolution. In this paper, we propose a new observation strategy, called , for a real three-dimensional (3-D) tomographic reconstruction of GWs in the MLT by modifying the observation geometry of conventional limb sounding measurements. It enhances the horizontal resolution that typical limb sounders can achieve, while at the same time retaining the good vertical resolution they have. This observation strategy is simulated for retrieving temperatures from measurements of the rotational structure of the O A-band airglow. The idea of this observation strategy is to sweep the line-of-sight (LOS) of the limb sounder horizontally across the orbital track during the flight. Therefore, two-dimensional (2-D) slices, i.e. vertical planes, that reveal the projection of GWs can be observed in the direction along- and across the orbital track, respectively. The 3-D wave vector is then reproduced by combining the projected 2-D wave slices in the two directions. The feasibility of this tomographic retrieval approach is assessed using simulated measurements. It shows that the horizontal resolution in both along- and across-track directions are affected by an adjustable turning angle, which also determines the spatial coverage of this observation mode. The retrieval results can reduce the errors in deducing momentum flux substantially by providing an unbiased estimation of the real horizontal wavelength of a wave.
机译:由于重力波(GWs)在中层和低热层(MLT)动力学中的主导作用,近几十年来对其进行了深入研究。由破裂的GWs引起的动量沉积决定了MLT的基本结构,并推动了MLT的大规模循环。卫星观测提供了一种在全球范围内对GW的性质和影响进行鉴定的方法。由于GW可以在大气中垂直和水平传播,因此解析水平和垂直波长对于量化波很重要。但是,用一种具有良好空间覆盖率和分辨率的仪器很难做到这一点。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的观测策略,称为,通过修改常规肢体发声测量的观测几何形状,对MLT中的GW进行真实的三维(3-D)层析成像重建。它提高了典型肢体发声器可以达到的水平分辨率,同时又保持了其良好的垂直分辨率。模拟该观测策略以从O A波段气辉的旋转结构的测量值中获取温度。这种观察策略的思想是在飞行过程中横扫轨道上水平地扫掠肢体发声器的视线(LOS)。因此,可以分别在沿着轨道轨道和穿过轨道轨道的方向上观察到揭示GW的投影的二维(2-D)切片,即垂直平面。然后,通过在两个方向上组合投影的二维波切片来再现3-D波矢量。使用模拟测量评估这种断层摄影方法的可行性。结果表明,沿航迹方向和跨航迹方向的水平分辨率都受到可调节转向角的影响,这也决定了该观测模式的空间覆盖范围。通过提供对波的实际水平波长的无偏估计,检索结果可以大大减少推论动量通量时的误差。

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