Satellite Imaging Polar Aspects, Effects of Ice, Snow and Frost. WEAG Euclid CEPA9, RTP 9.1, WP 25200, Final Report (RTP9.1/96/NDRE/25200/FR)

摘要

The report examines in particular problems associated with detecting targetsagainst a background of, or covered by ice, snow, and frost. This is done for both optical and SAR sensors, but with an emphasis on SAR. Energy emission from snow and ice cover is examined for optical sensors, while SAR backscatter values are assessed with respect to some typical SAR sensor parameters, ground temperature, snow depth, snow cover, and ice. Multispectral optical satellite image will provide good discrimination and classification of polar vegetation cover types. Optimal results in mapping man-made installations using SAR can be obtained using high spatial resolution, X-band, HV-polarization imagery taken at high incidence angles. Multi-polarization and multi-frequency data will give additional accuracy to the interpretation.