DHW Modeling: System Sizing and Selection Criteria. A Study of Baseloads and211 Seasonal Efficiency. Phase 2. Final Report

摘要

The project's objective was to quantify the domestic hot water (DHW) consumption211u001eand demand in a sample of New York City multifamily buildings. Specifically, the 211u001eobjectives were to develop and analyze a comprehensive set of multifamily 211u001ebuilding operational energy performance data; and, to develop, specifications for 211u001eproper sizing of DHW generation equipment. The project used computer models to 211u001edeterminetthe most energy-efficient and cost-effective DHW systems for small-to-211u001emoderately-sized multi-family buildings. The project used models of various types 211u001eof DHW supply systems such as: direct-fired storage tank, tankless coil, separate 211u001eDHW boiler with storage, and direct-fired instantaneous. Optimization of both 211u001esystem sizing and minimum annual energy consumption was evaluated based on 211u001eselection of instantaneous, storage, or combined instantaneous and storage system 211u001erequirements.