Simulation of Fish, Mud, and Crystal Lakes and the Shallow Ground-Water System, Dane County, Wisconsin

摘要

This report describes the hydrology of Fish and Crystal Lakes (fig. 1) through the development and calibration of a ground-water-flow model. The model simulates lake stage using estimated hydrologic-budget components and hydraulic parameters. The calibrated model is used to simulate the effect of pumping water from Fish Lake on future lake stages. Most data needed for this study were available from a previous, unpublished USGS study of Fish Lake or from USGS hydrologic databases. A 1-year (November 1990-October 1991) water-budget and phosphorus-loading study provided information for estimating surface-runoff coefficients. Historical streamflow records for Black Earth Creek provided the basis for estimating ground-water recharge. Stage records for Fish Lake were available for most of the period since 1966 to present. Data collected specifically for this study were recent (1999 to 2001) stage data and a bathymetric survey to define the morphometry of Crystal Lake.