Bureau of Transportation Statistics, United States Department of Transportation, Journal of Transportation and Statistics. Volume 4, Numbers 2/3, September/December 2001

摘要

Fundamental to urban and regional transportation analysis is the concept of accessibility. Because of the increasing complexity of transportation systems and their impact on our quality of life, accessibility-based ideas must become an integral part of transportation planning and evaluation. Although accessibility has been studied for a long time and there are various perspectives in its definition and measurement, it is fundamentally concerned with the opportunity that an individual at a given location possesses to participate in a particular activity or set of activities. The objective of this special issue is to facilitate a discussion on the issues involved in making accessibility-based considerations a routine part of transportation planning and evaluation. The measurement of accessibility has a rich, substantive history in the urban and regional sciences. But, except for assessing the impacts of the transportation system on special groups and for special purposes, planners and policymakers have not routinely and continuously evaluated urban systems on the basis of accessibility. However, as transportation planners are increasingly called on to address a variety of social, economic, and environmental considerations, accessibility measures must be developed and disseminated to practitioners to enhance planning practices and improve policy evaluations.