Environmental Persistence and Toxicity of Fire-Retardant Chemicals, Fire-Trol (Tradename) GTS-R and Phos-Chek (Tradename) D75-R to Fathead Minnows;Final rept

摘要

Fire-retardant chemicals are heavily used throughout the world to extinguish and suppress wildland fires. Toxicity is limited in terrestrial habitats, but potentially hazardous in aquatic systems. The assessment of the environmental persistence of fire-fighting chemicals associated with aerial treatment of forest fires is important for the protection of aquatic resources and for establishing mitigation priorities and goals. Hazard is the combination of toxicity and exposure. Toxicity is the inherent property of a chemical and exposure is the concentration in the environment.