China's Industrial Subsidies Study: High Technology. Volume 1: Report

摘要

Since 1995, when the Chinese government put forward the strategy of revitalizing the country through science and education (Ke Jiao Xing Guo), the enhancement of scientific and technological innovation capacity has been a priority on the national development agenda. The past decade has witnessed a rapid expansion of research and development (R&D) efforts and government spending on science and technology (S&T) activities in China. The ratio of R&D expenditure to GDP went up from 0.6% in 1996 to 1.4% in 2006, with the actual expenditure growing over six fold from RMB 40.45 billion yuan to RMB 300 billion yuan. In terms of sources of funds, in 2005, 26.3% of the R&D expenditure came from government, 67% from businesses, and 0.9% from abroad. The total government fiscal spending on S&T activities increased from RMB 30.3 billion yuan in 1996 to RMB 133.5 billion yuan in 2005, with an average annual growth of 14% and 20%, respectively, at the central and local level.