National Science Board Science and Engineering Indicators, 2016.

摘要

Social development and different regional growth trends have produced dramatic shifts in the global landscape of science and engineering (S&E) research, education, and business activities. An increasingly multipolar world for S&E is emerging after many decades of leadership by the United States, the European Union, and Japan. This overview presents the changing picture of the world of S&E by highlighting activities in which the developing world is approaching parity with the developed world, activities in which the developed world maintains preeminence, and also activities in which smaller nations have emerged as prominent contributors.