Mixed-Bloods, Apaches, and Cattle Barons: Documents for a History of the Livestock Economy on the White Mountain Reservation, Arizona

摘要

In the late 19th century, Corydon E. Cooley married two Apache women. Cooley's descendants, primarily the Amos families, accommodated themselves to the customs of Western Apache society and to the authority exerted by Indian Service officials. Throughout their residence on the reservation, these mixed-blood families developed peculiar social and economic positions. They lived apart from established Indian communities, in the remote Corburoy Creek region of the reservation. They ran cattle on individually assigned ranges, while most Apache were encouraged and induced to join cooperative Indian livestock associations under the supervision of government stockmen. During the early 1950s, these mixed-block families were excluded from access to reservation ranges. The history of these families, and of the larger regional society and economy of the first half of the 20th Century, is presented.