Kinetics and Catalysis of Producing Synthetic Gases from Biomass

摘要

Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories is conducting basic research to provide a fundamental elucidation of the kinetics, reaction sequences and pathways involved in pyrolysis and catalytic steam gasification of wood and wood components. A one liter stirred autoclave is being used to study gasification in a low temperature regime (250C-450C). The autoclave has been successfully modified to allow remote sampling of the liquid and gaseous phases present in the reaction environment. A two-inch diameter batch reactor is being used to study gasification at higher temperatures (550C-850C). Kinetic studies of the carbon steam reaction relative to cellulose and lignin gasification have been completed. Reaction rate constants and activation energies were determined for three catalyzed cases and for a non-catalyzed case. The formation of specific compounds during gasification in the presence and absence of catalyst was investigated in both reactor systems. Results of the low and high temperature experiments have demonstrated dramatic effects on the kinetics and gas composition as a function of the various catalyst and catalyst concentrations tested. A report of the first year's work effort of the three year project is included.