Evaluation of Survey Positioning Methods for Nearshore Marine and Estuarine Waters

摘要

Under regulations implementing Section 301(h) of The Clean Water Act, municipalities are required to conduct monitoring programs to evaluate the impact of their discharge on marine biota, to demonstrate compliance with applicable water quality standards, and to measure toxic substances in the discharge. This document provides essential information for the evaluation of operating characteristics and system costs of station positioning equipment. Four main types of navigational instruments are considered in this document: optical techniques, electro-optical methods, electronic microwave systems, and satellite positioning equipment.