Axion Induced Oscillating Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron.

摘要

The axion electromagnetic anomaly induces an oscillating electric dipole for the electron of frequency ma and strength ? 10?32 e-cm, two orders of magnitude above the nucleon, and within four orders of magnitude of the present standard model constant limit. We give a detailed study of this phenomenon via the interaction of the cosmic axion, through the electromagnetic anomaly, with particular emphasis on the decoupling limit of the axion, @ta(t) ? ma ? 0. The general form of the action involves a local contact interaction and a non-local contribution that enforces the decoupling limit. We derive the effective action in the Pauli-Schroedinger non-relativistic formalism, and in Georgi’s heavy quark formalism adapted to the “heavy electron” (heavy compared to ma). We compute the electric dipole radiation emitted by stationary electrons, and we discuss a number of experimental configurations that may yield detectable signals. Phased array radiators with N2 unit cell magnetic elements may have advantages over resonant cavities that exploit large Q, since we can design toward N2 >> Q.