Organic electrolytes for sodium batteries.

摘要

The aim was to develop new electrolyte mixtures. 1-methyl-3-ethyl-imidazolium chloride (MEICI) mixed with aluminum chloride was the standard of reference. The new electrolytes should be utilized with sodium in room temperature batteries. Several triazolium chloride derivates were prepared, including 1-ethyl-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazolium chloride, 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazolium chloride, 1,2-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolium chloride and 1-methyl-3-paramethoxy,benzyl-1,2,3-triazolium chloride. Other nitrogen containing ring systems like 1,2-dimethyl-pyrazolium chloride, 3-methyl-thiazolium chloride and MEICl were synthesized. An attempt to prepare 1,4-dimethyl-tetrazolium chloride was successful. Recrystallization procedures and the melting point or decomposition temperature for the salt are also described. AlCl(sub 3) was added to the organic chloride salts and the reactions reported. Conductivity of 14dm124tcl:AlCl(sub 3) and the 1m3pmb123tcl:AlCl(sub 3) is compared with the MEICl:AlCl(sub 3) system. Conductivities of the pure salts 14dm124tcl, 1e4m124tcl and 3mtzcl are listed. Voltammograms of 20000(Omega) after 1 hour). Results of AC-impedance measurements of Neosepta(sup R) an- or cation exchange membranes are given. Battery experiments with Na/Nasicon/FeCl(sub 3):MEICl:AlCl(sub 3)/Mo showed a reduction of Fe(sup 3+) to Fe(sup 2+) by the electrolyte. 100% utilization of the formed Fe(sup 2+) cathodic capacity was possible. (AB) (142 refs.).