Ontwikkeling van Instructie-Templates ten Behoeve van Computer-OndersteundOnderwijs (Development of Templates for Computer-Based Training)

摘要

This study reports the development of templates tor computer-based training(CBT). A template is a general instructional shell that is applicable at the level of one single learning objective. Because a template has a precise architecture, it can be easily implemented into a computer-based tool for the instructional developer. In this way the uniformity of instructional design within the Royal Netherlands Army (RNLA) can be supported. Besides, the developmental process can be passed through in a more efficient way. Based upon a taxonomy of learning objectives for the cognitive learning objectives several different types of templates have been designed. The first type of template is a fixed one, the second template is adaptive to the responses of the student, the third template contains characteristics of learner control, and, finally, the fourth templates comprises features of both adaptivity and learner control. This last type more or less resembles 'discovery learning'. Experimental testing of these different models of instructional design with result in findings regarding the effectiveness do students master the learning objectives, what is the retention of the learned knowledge and skills and efficiency (time used for instruction). Following the experimental research specific guidelines for instructional design will be presented, as well as, based upon these guidelines, functional specifications for the GOOS-tool.