Computer-Based Aids for Learning, Job Performance, and Decision-Making in Military Applications: Emergent Technology and Challenges.

摘要

Technology-based systems for education, training, and performance-aiding (including decision-aiding) may pose the ultimate test for validating approaches to integrate humans with automated systems. These systems need to model students and users. The models they generate, as well as the interactions based on them, must adapt to the evolving knowledge and skills of individual students and users. Evaluation findings suggest that such adaptations are feasible, worthwhile, and cost effective. Data drawn from many evaluations of technology-based education and training indicate overall that these systems can reduce costs by one-third and that they can also either reduce the time to achieve instructional objectives by one-third or increase achievement (holding time constant) by one-third. The likely impact on military readiness and effectiveness suggested by these findings is significant. Evaluations of technology-based performance aiding systems have suggested similar results of increased personnel effectiveness and cost-savings. They suggest a need to determine and readjust the balance between resources allocated to training and resources allocated to performance-aiding systems. Development of sharable, reusable objects and capabilities for assembling these objects on demand and in real time will substantially increase accessibility and will reduce costs of education, training, and performance-aiding while making them asynchronously and continuously available regardless of distance and time. Specifications and capabilities for such objects are the goals of much current research and development (R&D).