Fractal-Enhancement of Photon Band-Gap Cavities for Quantum Computing and Other Applications

摘要

The purpose of this project is to develop optical structures that can be used to perform scaleable quantum logic for Type II quantum computers, using cavity QED. The basis for this concept is the recent demonstration that metallic fractal patterns, when deposited on the surface of a whispering gallery optical resonator, can have giant Q-values. This is because the Q of surface plasmon resonances in the metallic fractal patterns multiplies the Q of the optical cavity. Combined Q's of unprecedented size, on the order of 10(exp 10)-10(exp 12), have been inferred from spectroscopic measurements. In addition to higher Q values, the fractal structures also concentrate the optical electric field to volumes on the order of 50 nm diameter. This is calculated to produce a vacuum Rabi frequency that is orders of magnitude larger than anything used to date in cavity QED-based quantum computing. This high Q value should allow us to overcome many of the broadening effects present in a solid, as desired to perform solid-state quantum logic.