Symposium DD: Low-Dimensional Materials-Synthesis, Assembly, Property Scaling and Modeling. Held in San Francisco, CA on April 9-13, 2007; Final rept. 23 Feb-31 Dec 2007

摘要

Low-dimensional materials such as nanocrystals, nanowires, and nanotubes are at the forefront of materials research. Novel physical and chemical phenomena observed in these systems allow us to envision a variety of next-generation technologies such as high-performance transistors for nano- and microelectronics, low-cost, high-efficiency photovoltaics, high-density magnetic storage media, nano-electromechanical systems and miniaturized biosensors. Fundamental challenges include synthesis of chemically and structurally well-defined nanoscale materials, developing methods of assembly, and establishing an understanding of how properties of isolated nano-objects change and scale as they are incorporated into functional architectures at multiple-length scales. Robust and verified theoretical methods and computational tools ranging from solid-state theory, surface science and computational quantum chemistry to theories that address multiple-length- and time-scale integration need to be developed in parallel with synthetic and experimental efforts. This symposium will focus on advanced syntheses of nanoscale materials (e.g. heterostructures of nanoparticles and nanowires); directed and self assembly of functional architectures (e.g. bio-inspired assemblies and combined top-down/bottom-up patterning); properties of isolated nanoscale objects; how these properties change and scale (in relation to areas such as nanoelectronics, magnetism, photonics, photovoltaics, and bio-imaging); and computational applications and theoretical developments (related to the design, synthesis, properties and understanding of low-dimensional nanomaterial structures, assemblies and phenomena).