The Effects of Varying Pay-off Matrices Upon Coalition Formation in a Three-Person Negotiable Game

摘要

Three female university students were placed in a group situation in which the subjects (Ss) earned points by responding on a switch in alliance with another member of the group. The procedure for delivering a reinforcer was changed from a payoff matrix of equality (A=B=C) to several payoff matrices of inequality (AB>C, and A>(B+C)). It was found that the Ss pursued a strategy of sharing; i.e., keeping the money equal, and that at the beginning of each session the Ss decided how they would respond during the session. The data show that the Ss' actual performances closely conformed to their expected performances in all but seven sessions. In those sessions where their performance deviated from the expected performance their total earning was increased by this deviation. (Author)