Medical and Physiologic Effects of Ejection and Parachuting an Overview

摘要

Design requirements for ejection seats and personal survival equipment sometimes omit as a criteria - man's physiologic and psychologic limitations. Man's ability to come through the ejection and parachute descent sequences uninjured is influenced directly by the design of the equipment and his experience in the techniques of proper use. Many limiting physiologic factors must be considered. Response to multiple accelerations in multiple axes, wind blast, effects of temperature extremes, anthropomorphic problems, and neuromuscular response are among the factors discussed. Engineers will find a knowledge of human factors vital to the design of seat restraint systems, cushions, accessory packs, control placement, catapults, the parachute, and etc. This broad overview reviews significant literature on sport free fall, military static line, HALO, and ejection parachuting statistics. Modes of injury and morbidity during ejection and parachuting are detailed. (Author)