Methods of Auditory Display for Aircraft Collision Avoidance Systems.

摘要

When two aircraft are physically oriented so that continuation on their individual flight paths will result in collision,the final decision of the pilot to take avoiding action is most often based on visual detection of the other aircraft. Considerable laboratory experimentation has been conducted and reported on various aspects of visual detection,although little has been reported on methods to aid the pilot in visual searching. A head-up aid is desirable,rather than an in-the-cockpit display. For this reason,an auditory display was investigated. The display requires auditory localization in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions. Experimentation was conducted to determine physical factors of localization in the vertical plane. The results of the research and experimentation indicated that the external portion of the ear,the pinna,imposes a pattern of organization on the high frequencies of the sound whose source is located vertically. Specifically,this pattern is a shift in the dominant frequencies and attenuated frequencies with change in elevation. This knowledge allowed the proposal of a full two-dimension stereophonic auditory display for the pilot to localize the intruding aircraft. (Author)