Endemic Lassa Fever in Liberia. IV. Selection of Optimally Effective Plasma for Treatment by Passive Immunization

摘要

THe efficacy of passive immunization for treatment of Lassa Fever (LF) is believed to depend on the titre of the neutralizing antibody infused. For the purpose of identifying optimal donors of LV-immune plasma, a population of LF-convalescent patients in Liberia was tested for prevalence of neutralizing antibody. Minimally protective titres, expressed as a log10 neutralization index, (LNI), were established in animal models as LNI > 2. LNI titres for 26 donors, tested eight or more months after illness, were modest: 16 titred 1 < LNI < 2, 4 titred 2 > LNI < 3) occurred only after seven months and in only two of six patients. Most of the unselected LV-immune plasma will require concentration to therapeutically useful LNI titres. In a passive immunization experiment, guinea-pigs were protected by a late convalescent plasma (LNI = 4.8, IFA = 320) but not by an early plasma, (LNI = 0.6, IFA = 640), thus supporting the selection of immune plasma on the basis of hte LNI. Cross serological testing with LV strains and convalescent plasma form patients in Sierra Leone, Lilberia nad Nigeria suggested tht these LV strains and convalescent plasma from patients in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Nigeria suggested that these LV strains were indistinguishable by cross-IFA< but were readily distinguishable by cross neutralization tests. Geographical matching of LV and plasma origins may thus be a factor in selection of optimal plasm for plasma for passive immunization of Lassa fever.