Metabolic Products, Mass Spectral Analyses and Synthesis of Toxic Trichothecenes

摘要

A computer generated data base of the mass spectra of the trichothecens has been developed for use in the identification of both electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectra. Programs have been written which allow its use in scanning gas chromatograph profiles for the identification of the trichothecenes. Metabolism of T-2 was studied in the cow. Metabolites found are: HT-2, TC-3 and T-2-tetraol, iso-TC-1, de-epoxy-TC-3, and de-epoxy-T-2-tetraol. Various T-2 metabolites were found in the excreta of chickens; they are: HT-2, 15-acetoxy-T-2-tetraol, T-2-tetraol, TC-3, TC-1, 4-acetoxy-T-2-tetraol, 8-acetoxy-T-2-tetraol, 3-acetoxy-3' hydroxy-HT-2 and T-2-triol. An unidentified isomer of T-2-tetraol was also found. De-epoxy-T-2-tetraol was found in the urine of the cow. The structure of Fusarochromanone, a Fusarium metabolite that causes tibial dyshondroplasia, was determined by using methods involving MS, IR, NMR and X-ray crystalography. It is an amino acid bearing chromone. Mono and diacetate derivatives as well as the acetone adduct was synthesized and their chemistry determined. This compound also causes death of fertile eggs of laying hens on a diet of this toxin, although it does not appear to harm the adult birds at the concentration used. We suspect that this toxin might be responsible for the bone disease of man in China called Kashen-Beck's disease. The gross and microscopic lesions caused by T-2 in cats when administered by subcutaneous injection is described. Keywords: Phytotoxins.