Medical Research and Evaluation Facility (MREF) and Studies Supporting theMedical Chemical Defense Program on Task 89-03: Test Up to 20 Candidate Topical Protectants

摘要

Fourteen candidate topical skin protectants (TSPs) were examined in a multiple-phase testing regimen that included a variety of testing models designed to assess different aspects of TSP efficacy. Phase I initial efficacy tests were performed using both in vitro and in vivo models. The Phase I in vitro model involved determining the penetration profile of a challenge dose of chemical surety materiel (CSM), either soman (GD), VX, or thickened soman (TGD), through a 0.1 mm thick film of TSP layered between two disks of synthetic membrane. The in vivo models were performed in New Zealand White rabbits pretreated with 0.1 mm thick layers of TSP. Following topical application of an organophosphonate challenge (TGD) on rabbits, the end point for determining TSP efficacy was erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibition profiles. Following topical application of a vesicant challenge (HD), the end point for TSP efficacy was the size of the lesion resulting after prescribed exposure periods.