Preparation of Monodisperse, Submicrometer Carbon Spheres by Pyrolysis of Melamine-Formaldehyde Resin

摘要

Over the past few decades, the development of carbon materials of various forms and sizes has attracted considerable attention, the most popular being carbon aerogels,[1] fullerenes,[2] and nanotubes.[3] They are used in a wide range of applications, such as gas storage,[4]-[6] fuel cells,[7], [8] sensing,[9] catalyst supports,[10], [11] separation and purification,[12] supercapacitors or lithium-ion batteries,[13], [14] and photonic bandgap materials.[15]-[18] For some sophisticated applications spherical, monodisperse, smooth-surfaced carbon particles are required or would be advantageous. Silica and polymer spheres are readily fabricated or commercially available with very high standards of shape and monodispersity (preferably used in the area of photonic bandgap materials),[19] but little research has been targeted at the preparation of such carbon particles.