Evaluation and selection of Taxus baccata L. clones according to their root growth capacity as a potential source of enzymes for taxol biosynthesis

摘要

For purposes of gene conservation cuttings of several clones of the rare and in Germany endangered species Taxus baccata L. were harvested in different locations of the country. They were treated with a rooting paste to form roots. By measuring their capacity to form adventitious roots (after seven months) as well as the root length and the number of roots per cutting, it was possible to identify and select those clones which showed an extraordinary capacity for root production and growth using a statistical selection procedure. Roots contained taxol and taxol-synthesising enzymes. The amount of taxol in these newly formed roots was enhanced by treatments with methyl-, jasmonate and epilyrassinolide. The activity of the biosynthetic enzyme 10-DAB-acetyltransferase was stimulated after a treatment with 50 muM and 100 muM methyljasmonate. Selection of yew clones characterised by an enhanced root formation and growth is a useful principle to get plant material for studies of taxol biosynthesis.